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Thanks for the Memories: Music meets science

updated on 17 Sep 2025
7 minutes

Thanks for the Memories (T4TM) explores how the creation and performance of music can be an innovative way of engaging young people and adults with research into immune memory – how the body forms memories in response to past infection or vaccination that help to protect us against future disease.

A collaboration between the University of Oxford and the Royal Northern College of Music, the project first supported secondary school pupils in Oxford and Manchester to compose music inspired by the science and history of immune memory. Pupils collaborated with musicians to bring these pieces to life in public performances in May and June 2024. In the second phase, the project produced an opera, performed for the wider public in June 2025, which foregrounded the forgotten history of eighteenth-century inoculation advocate Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. 

Across these two phases, the project brought together researchers, composers, musicians, school students, and the public – allowing these diverse communities to share their perspectives on vaccination through music and build confidence in vaccination as a long-standing and positive part of our human story. 

Thanks for the Memories Programmes
Thanks for the Memories Programmes, photograph by Roscoe Rutter

Background

T4TM emerged out of a previous composition project ran by Dr Leeming, in which Prof. Klenerman participated. Dawn, on the Morning After the Storm was created by Dr Leeming through discussions with members of the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium and COVID-19 Clinical Information Network about their experiences working through the COVID-19 outbreak; these researchers performed the final piece. Dawn… was designed to reflect the experience of coming together to play, in the same way the consortium came together to respond to the pandemic challenge. Having seen the potential for the co-creation of music to be an engaging way to reflect on scientific practices for both participants and audience, Dr Leeming and Prof. Klenerman designed T4TM for a Wellcome Enriching Engagement Grant.

Purpose

The overall purpose of T4TM was to strengthen understanding of the science and history behind immune memory to address concerns around vaccination among the project’s target schools and the wider public. 

Vaccination is a high-profile, contested, and sensitive topic, subject to increasing levels of misinformation and scientific scepticism. The project aimed to use the creation and performance of music as an unusual and inspiring way to build a bridge between the public and vaccine research. It was designed to spark curiosity and build confidence in vaccination and its history to empower school students and the public to make informed decisions about their health. 

T4TM aimed to be mutually beneficial for members of the public and for immunological researchers. It created career development opportunities for early career researchers to gain experience in communicating effectively about their research, identifying gaps in public understanding, and improving their understanding of the societal and historic context of their work. 

Who was involved?

Supported by the Wellcome Trust, T4TM is co-led by Professor Paul Klenerman, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford and Dr Zakiya Leeming, Artist and Producer in Residence at the Royal Northern College of Music, RNCM, Centre for Practice and Research in Science and Music. Dr Rachel Hindmarsh is the project Facilitator; with a research background in the history of medicine, she also led on this element of the project. 

The first phase was an innovative sustained-contact programme, working with 45 pupils over three-four months from four schools in the Manchester Co-op Academy Trust and Greyfriars School, Oxford serving communities with high levels of disadvantage. The project team were supported by committed teachers, early career researchers, and musicians, notably:

  • Sam Mortimer (Director of Science, Co-op Academies Trust)
  • Sean Dingley (Assistant Headteacher, Greyfriars Catholic School)
  • Dr Lisa Ciacchi (Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Oxford)
  • Olivia Shorthouse (PhD Researcher, University of Manchester)
  • Holly Sedgwick (PhD Researcher, University of Manchester)
  • Musicians from the University of Oxford (Lulu Whittington, Tom Bruges, Erin Townsend, Guili Tritto, and Ynyr Prichard) and the RNCM (Naomi Robinson, Javi Pinto Neira, Samuel Kane, Susannah Roman, Luis Romao, Harriet Kwong)

In the second phase, Dr Leeming composed the score of opera Dangerous Matter and collaborated with the following team to stage it at the RNCM to a public audience of 200:  

  • Sam Redway-Mills (Director and dramaturg)
  • Melvin Tay (Conductor)
  • Rosie Middleton (Mezzo soprano in lead role of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu)
  • RNCM student cast (Ruth Harley, Jasmine Higgs, Ankur Dang, Yu Chinen, Oscar Bowen-Hill)
  • RNCM student orchestra

The British Society for Immunology and the Uehiro Institute, Oxford supported additional project activities. 

 

Two students preparing for the performance

Students preparing for the performance, photo taken by Roscoe Rutter.

Approach

Creative collaboration

In phase one, the project used creative and participatory methods to inspire secondary-school students to rethink their assumptions about vaccination. Over a period of 3-4 months with each school, the project team and early career researchers led a series of science, history, and composition workshops – which included a project launch day at the Science and Industry Museum, Manchester and laboratory visits to the Lydia Becker Institute, Manchester and the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. The workshops culminated with students collaborating with musicians from the RNCM and the University of Oxford to bring their pieces to life, with the musicians performing the final works at the RNCM and Tingewick Hall, JR Hospital. This co-creation element of the project empowered students as equal participants in the project, ensuring that their voices and creativity were celebrated. 

Accessibility

Fundamental to the design of the first phase of the project was accessibility. Participating schools were identified as scoring highly in disadvantage metrics such as number of students eligible for Free School meals, and who would particularly benefit from curriculum enhancement. The project team ensured that workshops were inclusive and accessible for pupils of all backgrounds. Dr Leeming, for example, supported students to compose music using non-traditional notation techniques – such as graphic or text-based scores – to enable pupils with little to no musical literacy to participate. This was vital given recent challenges around lack of access to or variable standards of music education in the UK

Interdisciplinary Engagement

Integral to T4TM’s success was an innovative interdisciplinary approach to science engagement – blending insights from immune memory research with historical storytelling and musical creation throughout. Students created music that drew inspiration from diverse elements of the project – from the experience of illness and the behaviour of T-cells, to the resistance and courage of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Phase two showcased the power of opera to spark curiosity in the wider public about cutting-edge research into immune memory as well as who we remember for shaping and transforming public health. 

Evaluation

Thanks for the Memories gathered feedback from pupil and teacher surveys, evaluation booklets for audience members of the opera, and interviews with participating researchers. The project illustrates the power of creative, interdisciplinary collaboration – feedback showed that music had been an inspiring way of demystifying complex scientific concepts, building public rust in vaccine research, and platforming overlooked stories of science. For researchers, participating had enabled them to reflect on the contexts of their work and how to advocate for its value going forward. 

Pupils

Pupils felt more confident in their understanding of the immune system; 93% of pupils in the Oxford school, for example, reported at the end of the project that they felt better prepared to tackle their Biology GCSE in the next year. They felt empowered to make informed decisions about future vaccinations: one pupil wrote that “I would feel confident [to get a future vaccine] as I understand how vaccines can speed up the creation of antibodies to eradicate the pathogens.” They found the experience of working with musicians a rewarding and fun challenge: one pupil was excited that the musician “played my music exactly how I thought it would sound.”

Teachers

Teachers reported that the opportunity for students to meet and work with a range of professionals both from science and music was “invaluable to student experience and future aspirations.”

Audience members

Audience members were struck by the opera as “unique”, “innovative”, and “memorable” with a “compelling and accessible” message. One audience member reflected: “art and science both explore the boundaries of what is possible.”

Researchers

Paul Klenerman: “I found the way the music, science and history all blended over time both fascinating and instructive. I started out with one perspective on the project but it took on a life of its own and ended up much more inclusive, not only in terms of whom we engaged with but also how we engaged with them.” 
 

Zakiya Leeming: “The curiosity and range of expression in each student’s debut compositions reflected their engagement not just with the science, but also its history and politics on a personal level. Seeing them realise composition can be for anyone, and that they can explore the world and express themselves through this medium was incredible. The new opera Dangerous Matter brought together all dimensions of this story, and felt like a real celebration of interdisciplinary collaboration, public engagement and art."
 

Dr Lisa Ciacchi: “I wanted to encourage pupils to understand that science is not a sterile, abstract thing – as a scientist you need creativity and resilience to solve problems.” 
 

Find Out More

Secondary School Pupils Performing on Stage

Performance by Failsworth Group, photograph by Roscoe Rutter

 

Find out more about Dangerous Matter, the opera inspired by vaccine science and history as part of Thanks for the Memories project.